History
Traditionally from Tibet, momos have become a favorite snack in many parts of the world, especially in South Asia. They are usually filled with vegetables, soy and various types of meat such as chicken, mutton and pork; they are served with spicy sauces. Their popularity is due to their delicious taste, affordability and convenience. Street foodHowever, the monsoon season throws up certain conditions that can turn this beloved snack into a health hazard.
Impact of monsoon on food security
The monsoon season is notorious for creating favorable conditions for the growth of various microbes. High humidity and fluctuating temperatures provide the ideal environment for bacteria, viruses, and fungi to thrive. This increase in microbial activity can contaminate food and water sources, leading to foodborne illnesses.
Contaminated water sources
One of the primary concerns during monsoons is contamination of water sources. Heavy rainfall can cause sewage systems to overflow, contaminating water used for cooking and cleaning. A study published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health reports that waterborne diseases such as cholera, typhoid, and hepatitis A are more common during the rainy season due to contamination of drinking water. Street vendors often use local water sources to prepare food and wash utensils, increasing the risk of contamination.
unhealthy cooking practices
Street food vendors typically operate in open environments where maintaining hygiene can be challenging. During the monsoon, the risk of contamination from airborne pathogens and pests such as flies and rodents increases. A study conducted by the Food Control Journal found that street food vendors in urban areas often struggle to maintain hygiene due to limited access to clean water and proper sanitation facilities. This situation is even worse during the monsoon, making it easier for food to become contaminated.
Specific health risks from eating Momos in Monsoon
bacterial infections
The monsoon season sees a rise in bacterial infections, and street food is a common carrier. Momos, whether steamed or fried, can become a breeding ground for bacteria such as E. coli and salmonella if not handled properly. A study published in the Journal of Food Safety states that bacterial infections in street food increase significantly during the monsoon, leading to a rise in cases of food poisoning. Symptoms of such infections include abdominal cramps, diarrhoea, vomiting and fever.
Fungal contamination
High humidity during monsoon also promotes the growth of mold and fungus. These can contaminate the ingredients used in momos, especially if vegetables and meat are not stored properly. Consuming mold-contaminated food can lead to mycotoxicosis, a type of food poisoning caused by fungal toxins. According to a study in the journal Foodborne Pathogens and Disease, mycotoxin contamination is a significant risk factor during the monsoon season.
viral infections
Viruses such as norovirus and rotavirus are also more prevalent during the monsoon. These viruses can spread through contaminated food and water, causing gastroenteritis. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) notes that outbreaks of viral gastroenteritis are common during the rainy season due to the increased risk of water contamination. Symptoms include severe diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, which can lead to dehydration if not treated promptly.
Studies and evidence
Several studies have highlighted the link between the monsoon season and an increase in foodborne illnesses. A study conducted by the Indian Journal of Community Medicine found an increase in cases of foodborne illnesses during the monsoon, attributed to poor hygiene practices and contaminated water sources. Another study published in the Journal of Environmental and Public Health emphasized the need for better hygiene and food safety measures during the rainy season to prevent outbreaks.
What precautions should be taken during monsoon season?
While it may be challenging to resist the allure of momos during monsoon, it is essential to take certain precautions to minimise health risks.
- Choose street food vendors who are known for their hygiene practices. Find stalls that use clean utensils and maintain a clean environment.
- Make sure the momos are cooked thoroughly. Do not consume raw or undercooked fillings as they are more likely to harbour germs.
- Before eating, check the momos for any defects, such as bad odor or change in color, etc. If the food looks suspicious or smells bad, it is better to avoid eating it.
- Make sure the water used to prepare food and sauces is clean and safe. It is advisable to carry your own bottle of safe drinking water.
- Always wash your hands before eating, especially when eating street food. Use hand sanitizer if soap and water are not available.
Momos are undoubtedly a delicious and popular street food, but consuming them during the monsoon season can cause serious health problems. The combination of high humidity, contaminated water and unhygienic cooking practices create a favorable environment for foodborne illnesses. Studies have consistently shown that such illnesses increase during the rainy season, highlighting the need to be cautious.
(Image courtesy: Canva)
