What is ADHD and how to help children with this neurodevelopmental condition?

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD is a complex disease neurodevelopmental conditions which affects millions of children worldwide. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Its exact cause is not fully understood, but is believed to involve genetic, environmental, and neurological factors.Early diagnosis and intervention are key to managing symptoms and improving the quality of life of patients. ADHD,
As a psychotherapist, I have worked with many children and families struggling with the challenges posed by ADHD.
Understanding ADHD
The symptoms of impulsivity, hyperactivity, and inattention define ADHD. Each child with ADHD has a different experience as these symptoms can vary widely in their intensity and appearance. Although symptoms can persist into adolescence and adulthood, the condition is usually diagnosed in early childhood.
The impact of ADHD
Children with ADHD symptoms may have a number of psychosocial difficulties. They may feel anxious, frustrated, and have low self-esteem due to not being able to accomplish things that their peers do easily. These feelings may be exacerbated by academic difficulties, resulting in a negative self-image and a sense of failure.
Comorbidities such as anxiety disorders, depression, and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) are also associated with a higher likelihood of developing in children with ADHD. These additional difficulties can make ADHD more difficult to manage and require the use of comprehensive intervention techniques.
How to help children with ADHD
Providing effective support for children with ADHD requires a multifaceted strategy that includes behavioral strategies, environmental adjustments, educational supports, and, in some situations, medications.
1. Children with ADHD can benefit from positive habit development when desired behavior is reinforced with praise or rewards. To strengthen the connection between conduct and consequence, immediate and regular feedback is essential.
2. For children with ADHD, structure and predictability can be helpful when established through clear, regular routines. Task completion can be made easier with step-by-step instructions and visible deadlines.
3. Children with ADHD may find it overwhelming to complete large projects. You can increase focus and productivity by breaking things down into smaller, more manageable steps and pausing frequently.
4. IEP can provide specially designed accommodations and supports for children who are experiencing serious academic problems.
5. Regular communication is essential between parents, teachers, and school counselors to monitor progress and make necessary adjustments in support strategies.
6. Establishing clear, consistent routines can provide structure and predictability, which is beneficial for children with ADHD. Visual schedules and step-by-step instructions can help with task completion.

7. Some children may find that taking medication, whether stimulants or non-stimulants, helps reduce ADHD symptoms. However, medication should always be viewed as a component of a complete treatment strategy that also includes educational and behavioral therapies.
In addition to treating comorbidities, therapies such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) can help teach coping methods. With family therapy it may be possible to enhance support networks and family dynamics.
The support of parents and other caregivers is vital for children with ADHD. They can gain practical information and emotional support by learning more about the disorder and seeking out resources and support groups. In addition, parents can improve their children’s sense of security and self-esteem by encouraging communication and positive relationships with them.
Schools also need to actively participate in the process. Teachers with ADHD can benefit from professional development that gives them the tools they need to help affected children.
A comprehensive and empathetic approach is essential to understanding and helping children with ADHD. Through recognition of the particular difficulties these children face and the use of special techniques, we can support their academic and emotional development. As a psychologist, I see the potential and resilience of children with ADHD, which highlights how important it is to provide them with the resources and support they need to thrive.
(Author: Dr. Nikhil Nair, Psychiatrist, Sharda Hospital)